Han Zhangluan (韓長鸞), formal personal name
Han Feng (韓鳳) (but went by the courtesy name of Zhangluan), was an official of the Chinese dynasty
Northern Qi. He was initially a guard commander for
Gao Wei when Gao Wei was crown prince, and became a close associate of Gao Wei after Gao Wei became emperor. Late in Gao Wei's reign, he dominated the political scene along with
Mu Tipo and
Gao Anagong. While not as criticized for corruption as Mu and Gao Anagong were, he was blamed by historians for his rejection of civilians and ethnic Han officials, including the killing of the officials Cui Jishu (崔季舒) and Zhang Diao (張雕) at his instigation.
Han Zhangluan was from Changli Commandery (昌黎, roughly modern Qinhuangdao, Hebei), he appeared to be ethnically Chinese or Xianbei-Chinese mixed, but the matter of his ethnicity is not conclusive. His father Han Yongxing (韓永興) was a commandery governor. In his youth, he was said to have very strong arms and was good at archery and horseriding. After Gao Wei was created crown prince in 562, his father Emperor Wucheng set up a guard corps commanded by 20 officers. Han Zhangluan was one of the officers thus commissioned, and Gao Wei immediately took a liking to him. After Gao Wei became emperor in 565, he was constantly promoted, and eventually, he was created the Prince of Changli. Both his sons Han Baoxing (韓寶行) and Han Baoxin (韓寶信) married princesses. Han was particularly powerful after the general Hulü Guang was falsely accused of treason and executed in 572, and he, Mu, and Gao Anagong were referred to as the "Three Nobles," controlling the government together, and they were later blamed for the deterioration of Northern Qi. When Chen Dynasty attacked and captured the region between the Yangtze River and Huai River in 573, including the important city Shouyang (壽陽, in modern Lu'an, Anhui), Han and Mu were gambling when news of Shouyang's fall arrived and not willing to stop despite the bad news. Further, during the Chen campaign, when Cui and Zhang, along with several other officials, including Feng Xiaoyan (封孝琰), Liu Ti (劉逖), Pei Ze (裴澤), and Guo Zun (郭遵), submitted a joint petition trying to persuade Gao Wei not to visit the secondary capital Jinyang (晉陽, in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi), on account that such a visit might be misinterpreted by the people as flight, it was Han who suggested that those civilian officials were, in effect, committing treason, and should all be killed. Gao Wei agreed and had them executed. Han was also known for his disdain for civilian officials, but was known for his good treatment of military officers who were mostly non-ethnic Chinese. He particularly despised ethnic Chinese scholars and officials, and is known for often stating, "Those naggy and cunning Chinese dogs are difficult to endure; they should all be killed!"
At one point, both Han and Mu were removed from their offices for over their diversion of imperial construction personnel from their project of repairing the palace at the secondary capital Jinyang to repairing their own homes. At the time of the major attack by Northern Zhou in 577, Gao Wei initially battled Northern Zhou forces but eventually fled back to the Northern Qi capital Yecheng (鄴城, in modern Handan, Hebei), and it was at that time he recalled Han back to government. Han subsequently fled with Gao Wei south of the Yellow River and was one of the few officials who did not surrender to Northern Zhou. Both Gao Wei and he were soon captured, however.
Many Northern Qi officials were given posts in the Northern Zhou government, but no historical record indicated that Han received any offices. In the subsequent Sui Dynasty, he was made a provincial governor, and he died while serving as the governor of Long Province (隴州, roughly modern Baoji, Shaanxi), but it is not known when he died saved that it must be before 607, when Sui provinces were renamed commanderies.
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.
韓鳳(? - ?),字
長鸞,昌黎郡人,
北齊後主
高緯的權臣,與
高阿那肱、
穆提婆控制朝政,合稱北齊「
三貴」。
Read more...: 生平 武官出生 太子玩伴 晉升寵臣 與祖珽不和 替斛律光報仇 禮遇武官 迫害朝政 陷害南陽王 三貴的關係 失勢 官復原職 北齊滅亡 仕北周與隋 家世考證 種族歧視 家庭 祖父 父母 姑姑 弟弟 子女 孫子
生平
武官出生
韓鳳出生武將世家。韓鳳從小聰明,有洞察力,體力出眾,善於騎射,因為家世的關係,得以進北齊皇宮當武官,後來升遷為禁軍都督。
太子玩伴
當時武成帝高湛在位,太子高緯尚年幼(未滿九歲),高湛即命都督二十人為高緯的禁軍侍衛,韓鳳也在這份名單中,當時高緯特別喜歡跟韓鳳嬉戲,每次韓鳳一到東宮,高緯就會牽著韓鳳的手,說:「都督看兒來。」此後高緯數度召見韓鳳到東宮嬉戲遊玩。
晉升寵臣
565年6月8日,年幼的高緯即位,大權仍在其父太上皇高湛之手,這段期間,韓鳳一直為高緯心腹,569年1月13日,高湛駕崩,高緯親政,韓鳳襲爵高密郡公,升任開府儀同三司。571年8月30日,權臣和士開被厙狄伏連等人殺害,高緯深感悲憤,令咸陽王斛律光、宜陽王趙彥深在涼風堂徹查此案,該案的內情,全靠韓鳳傳遞訊息,包括這件事背後的主謀琅邪王高儼曾因此案想發動政變,也是被韓鳳說服騙進宮去。此後高緯加深對韓鳳的信任,把傳報文武百官、宮中守衛等大事都交給韓鳳去處理,並升韓鳳為侍中、領軍,總管內省機要大事。
與祖珽不和
當時高緯重用的寵臣很多,文武派系之間也多有摩擦。祖珽,是盲人文官,與韓鳳同為高緯重用。一次,韓鳳與祖珽在高緯面前討論軍國大事,祖珽與韓鳳意見不和,就說:「強弓長矛,容許互相推託;軍國謀劃,怎麼能發生爭執?」韓鳳回答說:「各自發表意見,怎麼有文武優劣的分別!」
後來祖珽參與陷害左丞相、咸陽王斛律光謀反事件,當時有謠言說斛律光會謀反,祖珽就誣陷斛律光,因為斛律光是北齊名將,武將派系的韓鳳替斛律光說話,說斛律光不會幹這種事,高緯正猶豫不決時,胡人寵臣何洪珍勸高緯說:「既起了疑心,不如就施行,不然讓人知道了該怎麼辦。」高緯也覺得何洪珍說得有理,而丞相府佐封士讓(斛律光的手下)也告發斛律光正帶兵回京,高緯才決定除掉斛律光,高緯跟韓鳳也因這件事產生了裂痕。572年8月24日,大將斛律光被誅殺,高緯在那幾天後,一直不跟韓鳳說話,後來兩人的君臣關係才又釋懷,封韓鳳為昌黎郡王。
斛律光被殺後,祖珽依附陸令萱,很快邁向權臣之位,獨攬朝政,取代了和士開、斛律光的位置,後來祖珽失勢,受高緯冷落,宦官們趁機一一告發祖珽的罪狀,高緯把祖珽的案子交給韓鳳審理,當初祖珽提拔過段韶的弟弟段孝言,祖珽現在一出事,段孝言利用自己與韓鳳是表舅與表侄的關係(韓鳳的母親鮮于氏,是段孝言姨媽之女),投靠了韓鳳,與韓鳳一起揭發祖珽的罪名,韓鳳審查的結果是祖珽曾十幾次以皇上之名向大臣勒索錢財,高緯得知後,非常生氣,但又與祖珽曾有不殺誓約,於是貶祖珽為北徐州刺史,祖珽一直想向高緯解釋,欲面見高緯,但韓鳳與祖珽不和,不讓他見高緯,韓鳳派人推祖珽出柏閣,祖珽坐在地上不走,韓鳳惱怒,命士兵強拉祖珽,並在朝堂尚挖苦了祖珽一番。祖珽在上徐州的路上,被昔日的部下省事徐孝遠告發祖珽曾在斛律光死後,以皇命和私人名義取走斛律光的財寶,使祖珽又被朝廷追回開府儀同三司和郡公的爵位,這段期間祖珽也被韓鳳窮追猛打的斥責。
替斛律光報仇
祖珽、何洪珍都是陷害過斛律光的人,祖珽被貶後,韓鳳開始對付祖珽、何洪珍的派系,祖珽當權時,曾提拔崔季舒等人,而何洪珍所提拔的張景仁有個同族兄弟叫張雕,韓鳳便視這些文官為眼中釘。573年7月,陳國武將吳明徹包圍壽陽,四個月後,高緯將巡幸晉陽,崔季舒等一批文官認為此時陳國攻打壽陽,眼下齊國人心恐慌,而高緯巡幸晉陽,將會被百姓誤會成北逃之舉,於是崔季舒等聯名上書要高緯別北上晉陽,高緯看了奏摺後,韓鳳就誣陷崔季舒等漢人文官謀反,應該全部殺掉,573年11月18日,高緯把崔季舒、張雕、劉逖、封孝琰、裴澤、郭遵等人召到含章殿殺掉,他們的屍身被韓鳳棄屍於漳水。
禮遇武官
由於韓鳳是武官出生,所以異常的對待武官很好,不論是鮮卑人或漢人,對哪個武職人員也好,即使遇到品級最低的武官都一樣。
迫害朝政
後來韓鳳之子韓寶仁娶公主為妻,高緯曾來到韓寶仁家,賞賜韓氏一門的親戚,並賜晉陽一座宅第給韓鳳,公主生下韓昌滿月時,高緯上韓鳳家百宴席。此後,高緯把北齊一切軍國大事交給韓鳳,同時與高阿那肱、穆提婆控制朝政,合稱北齊「三貴」,迫害北齊朝政。當時壽陽被北周攻佔,韓鳳與穆提婆收到消息後,韓鳳卻不怎麼在意,握著槊嬉戲說:「這是別人的天下,由他去吧。」後來高緯派韓鳳到黎陽旁的黃河邊築堡駐守,君臣兩人有共識,覺得守住此地,還可以有一席之地,到時又可以吃喝玩樂一番。當時韓鳳的弟弟韓萬歲、韓鳳的兩個兒子韓寶仁、韓寶信都官任開府儀同三司。後來連次子韓寶信也娶了公主。
574年1月,有人上奏南安王高思好將會造反,由於高思好的兒子之妻,是韓鳳的女兒,所以韓鳳以擾亂人心的罪名,要求高緯殺掉那告密者,50多天後,高思好果然造反,那告密者的弟弟趴在地上要求朝廷追贈其亡兄,韓鳳卻不給通報。
陷害南陽王
南陽王高綽,是高緯的親弟弟,以荒唐殘忍出名,高緯見識過後,非常寵愛高綽,韓鳳擔心自己地位受到威脅,於是離間他們兄弟倆,使高綽被貶為齊州刺史,高綽在上任的路途上,韓鳳又命高綽的親信誣告高綽謀反,並上奏高緯,高緯不忍心殺高綽,於是命胡人高猥薩跟高綽相撲,讓高猥薩當場掐死高綽。
三貴的關係
當時,北齊三貴分別是韓鳳、穆提婆與高阿那肱,韓鳳奸詐、穆提婆貪婪、而高阿那肱是三貴當中名聲最好的一個,韓鳳與穆提婆會互相幫助,但卻與高阿那肱十分不和,有次高阿那肱要提拔被流放外地的清官綦連猛,卻被韓鳳等人阻攔。
失勢
韓鳳曾上奏高緯派段孝言去監造晉陽宮,當時陳德信從驛道上去監察晉陽宮工程,竟發現段孝言讓工匠去修自己的宅第,同時也讓工匠去修韓鳳與穆提婆的宅第,陳德信質問段孝言後,並回朝稟明高緯,高緯得知後,起駕晉陽一探究竟,得知韓鳳還把官馬借給別人,令高緯勃然大怒,將韓鳳和穆提婆除去朝中一切職務,卻沒給他們定罪。之後,高緯拆除韓鳳的房屋,公主也和韓寶仁離了婚,後來韓鳳被帶到鄴郡受吏部審查。
官復原職
當時北齊被北周打得岌岌可危,高緯便讓韓鳳官復原職。
北齊滅亡
韓鳳雖然官復原職,但北齊滅亡之勢,已成定局,最終韓鳳跟著高緯逃亡渡過了黃河。577年2月25日,高緯到青州時,與韓鳳都被周軍俘獲了,北齊自此滅亡。
仕北周與隋
北齊滅亡後,韓鳳的官職生涯還歷經北周、隋,在隋朝時過世,當時官任隴州刺史。
家世考證
根據《北齊書》與《北史》的記載,韓鳳的父親叫韓永興,死時在北齊官任青州刺史,高密郡公,根據文革期間出土的韓裔墓誌,記載了北齊的韓裔,乃韓賢之子,字永興,死時官任青州刺史,爵位為高密郡開國公,與韓鳳之父相吻合,所以韓鳳之父,正是韓裔。
種族歧視
韓鳳祖上雖為漢人,卻已胡化,對於漢人,尤其是以漢人佔大頭的文臣非常歧視。每次朝中大臣有事請教韓鳳,都不敢直視他,且常會受到韓鳳呵叱:「狗漢兒實在令人受不了,只有宰了才行。」
家庭
祖父
• 韓賢,東魏權臣高歡大將,也是北齊開國大將,在一次平定叛亂中,被賊兵砍死。
父母
• 韓裔,北齊官員,病死。
• 鮮于氏
姑姑
• 陽翟公主,高歡養女
弟弟
• 韓萬歲,北齊侍中
子女
• 韓寶仁(一說韓寶行),韓鳳長子,娶北齊公主。
• 韓寶信,韓鳳次子,娶北齊公主。
• 韓氏,嫁給高思好之子。
孫子
• 韓昌,韓鳳長子韓寶仁之子。
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.