Emperor Giản Định (Giản Định Đế, 簡定帝, 1375–1410), real name
Trần Ngỗi (陳頠), was the leader of the Vietnamese Trần royalist forces who rebelled against the Ming Chinese rules.
Giản Định was the second son of Trần Nghệ Tông, was given the title Giản Định vương (簡定王, "Prince Giản Định"). Ming China conquered Vietnam in 1407, he fled to Mô Độ (modern Yên Mô District, Ninh Bình Province) and revolted against China in September 1408. At first he was defeated by Chinese army, later, he was supported by two Vietnamese generals, Đặng Tất and Nguyễn Cảnh Chân, and occupied Nghệ An Province successfully. Giản Định decided to attack Đông Đô (modern Hanoi) but was opposed by Đặng Tất and Nguyễn Cảnh Chân. Giản Định soon had both Đặng Tất and Nguyễn Cảnh Chân arrested and killed, causing dissent and revolt in his army. Đặng Dung and Nguyễn Cảnh Dị, sons of Đặng Tất and Nguyễn Cảnh Chân respectively, installed Trần Quý Khoáng (Trùng Quang Đế) as the new emperor in Chi La (modern Đức Thọ District, Hà Tĩnh Province).
Giản Định was arrested by Trùng Quang in 1409, and was granted the title thái thượng hoàng ("Retired Emperor"). He was sent to Hạ Hồng (modern Ninh Giang District, Hải Dương Province) to attack Chinese army, but was defeated by Zhang Fu and fled to Diễn Châu. Consequently, the Chinese took him captive and transferred him to Nanjing, where he was beheaded around 1410.
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簡定帝(,? - 1410年),名諱
陳頠()是越南後陳朝的第一位君主。明軍入越後,他起兵試圖重建陳朝,但最後被
明軍俘獲殺死。
Read more...: 生平 家庭 註釋
生平
陳頠系陳藝宗次子,封簡定王。胡季犛篡位後又封他為日南郡王。明入越後他逃到謨渡(今越南寧平省安謨縣),遇到遺臣陳肇基率眾追隨,便於農曆丁亥年十月初二(1407年11月1日)即皇帝位,起兵延續陳氏基業,改年號為興慶。
陳頠開始出師不利,吃了幾次敗仗後逃回乂安。但後來有鄧悉等實力人物加入陣營,勢力漸大。在鄧悉斬殺降明越將范世矜之後,簡定的勢力得以佔據乂安以南的原陳朝領土。戊子年(1408年)臘月陳軍更在逋姑(今越南南定省豐盈縣孝古社)打敗沐晟的四萬明軍,殺明將呂毅,聲勢浩大。
此時簡定欲乘勝進軍昇龍,遭鄧悉反對,陣營內部失和,簡定帝殺了鄧悉和參謀阮景真。鄧悉之子鄧容和阮景真之子阮景異憤然離去,另尋到陳季擴並在支羅縣(今河靜省羅山縣)擁其為重光帝,1409年4月趁簡定帝與明軍相持之際發動襲擊。簡定帝不敵,被俘至乂安並改立為太上皇。但7月起簡定帝仍得到一部份兵力,進軍下洪(今寧平省),與重光帝合力對抗明軍。
同年11月明將張輔在清化擊敗重光帝和阮景異,簡定帝也逃到演州。張輔在當地駐軍追擊陳軍殘餘,農曆十一月戊寅(12月16日) 張輔和沐晟在天關一帶抓獲簡定及隨臣。簡定等人被押送到金陵,永樂八年正月丁酉(1410年3月5日) 皆被處斬。
家庭
• 父:陳藝宗
• 母:興慶太后
• 妻子:鄧夫人,化州大知州鄧悉將女兒充入簡定帝後宮。簡定帝封鄧悉為國公。
註釋
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.