| Chinese Text Project |
| 妣 U+59A3 |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |
| Radical: | 女+ 4 strokes = 7 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.248#7 Kangxi: p.257#03 Cihai: p.380r3c02 GSR: 566.n Hanyu: v2,p1030#08 |
| Composition: | Left: 女, right: 比. Compositionally related: 𡛗 . |
| Mandarin: | bǐ ㄅㄧˇ |
| Cantonese: | bei2 |
| Shuowen: | 《女部》妣：殁母也。从女比聲。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上聲·旨·匕》妣：《爾雅》云：父曰考母曰妣。又甫至切。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·女部·四》妣：《廣韻》𤰞履切《集韻》《韻會》補履切，𠀤音比。《爾雅·釋親》父爲考，母爲妣。《鄭註》妣之爲言媲也，媲于考也。《說文》歿母也。《禮·曲禮》生曰父母，死曰考妣。《儀禮·配食》妣配考同位，不別設位也。○按謝氏曰：易曰有子考无咎，書言事厥考之類。蓋考、妣，古者通稱，皆非死而後稱也。又《集韻》必至切，音庇。母名。 考證：〔《爾雅·釋親》父曰考，母曰妣。〕謹照原文兩曰字𠀤改爲字。 |
| Fanqie: | 卑履 (《廣韻·上聲·旨·匕》) 甫至 (《廣韻·上聲·旨·匕》) |
| Unihan definition: | one's deceased mother |
Example usage
| 《孟子·萬章上》: | 《堯典》曰：『二十有八載，放勳乃徂落，百姓如喪考妣，三年，四海遏密八音。』 |
| It is said in the Canon of Yao, "After twenty and eight years, the Highly Meritorious one deceased. The people acted as if they were mourning for a father or mother for three years, and up to the borders of the four seas every sound of music was hushed." | |
| 《禮記·曲禮下》: | 祭王父曰皇祖考，王母曰皇祖妣。 |
| 'In sacrificing to them, a grandfather is called 'the sovereign grandfather;' a grandmother,' the sovereign grandmother;' | |
| 《詩經·斯干》: | 似續妣祖、築室百堵、西南其戶。 |
| Having entered into the inheritance of his ancestors, He has built his chambers, five thousand cubits of walls, With their doors to the west and to the south. | |
| 《尚書·舜典》: | 百姓如喪考妣，三載，四海遏密八音。 |
| When the people mourned for him as for a parent for three years. Within the four seas all the eight kinds of instruments of music were stopped and hushed. | |
| 《周易·䷽小過》: | 六二：過其祖，遇其妣。 |
| The second SIX, divided, shows its subject passing by his grandfather, and meeting with his grandmother; not attempting anything against his ruler, but meeting him as his minister. There will be no error. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 親迎之禮，父南向而立，子北面而跪，醮而命之：「往迎爾相，成我宗事，隆率以敬先妣之嗣，若則有常。」 |
| 《說苑·貴德》: | 《周頌》曰：「豐年多黍多稌，亦有高廩，萬億及秭，為酒為醴，烝畀祖妣，以洽百禮，降福孔偕。」 |
| 《春秋繁露·奉本》: | 今《春秋》緣魯以言王義，殺隱桓以為遠祖，宗定哀以為考妣，至尊且高，至顯且明。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷五》: | 《詩》曰：「蒸畀祖妣，以洽百禮。」 |
| 《白虎通德論·嫁娶》: | 父命醮子，遣之迎，命曰：「往迎爾相，承我宗事，率以敬先妣之嗣，若則有常。」 |
| 《論衡·恢國》: | 皇妣之身，夜半無燭，空中光明。 |
| 《太玄經·視》: | 陰成魄，陽成妣，物之形貌咸可視。 |
| 《獨斷·卷上》: | 薦考妣于適寢之所，祭春薦韭卵，夏薦麥魚，秋薦黍豚，冬薦稻雁，制無常牲，取與新物相宜而已。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 薦考妣于適寢之所，祭春薦韭卵，夏薦麥魚，秋薦黍豚，冬薦稻雁，制無常牲，取與新物相宜而已。 |
| 《春秋左傳》: | 夏，齊姜薨，初，穆姜使擇美檟，以自為櫬，與頌琴，季文子取以葬，君子曰，非禮也，禮無所逆，婦養姑者也，虧姑以成婦，逆莫大焉，詩曰，其惟哲人，告之話言，順德之行，季孫於是為不哲矣，且姜氏，君之妣也，詩曰，為酒為醴，烝畀祖妣，以洽百禮，降福孔偕。 |
| 《國語·周語下》: | 我姬氏出自天黿，及析木者，有建星及牽牛焉，則我皇妣大姜之姪伯陵之後，逄公之所憑神也。 |
| 《吳越春秋》: | 堯崩，禹服三年之喪，如喪考妣，晝哭夜泣，氣不屬聲。 |
| 《列女傳·陳寡孝婦》: | 頌曰：孝婦處陳，夫死無子，妣將嫁之，終不聽母，專心養姑，一醮不改，聖王嘉之，號曰孝婦。 |
| 《漢書·敘傳上》: | 妣聆呱而刻石兮，許相理而鞠條。 |
| 《東觀漢記》: | 其夕發喪，群寮百姓，如喪考妣，塞外蠻夷，致祭涕泣。 |
| 《後漢書》: | 嬰等縗杖，若喪考妣，朕甚愍焉！ |
| 《周禮·春官宗伯》: | 乃奏夷則，歌小呂，舞《大濩》，以享先妣。 |
| 《儀禮·士昬禮》: | 勗帥以敬，先妣之嗣。 |
| 《焦氏易林·乾之》: | 亡我考妣，久迷不來。 |
| 《說文解字·女部》: | 妣：殁母也。 |
| 《爾雅·釋親》: | 父為考，母為妣。 |
| 《釋名·釋喪制》: | 母死曰妣，妣，比也，比之於父亦然也。 |
| 《方言·第六》: | 南楚瀑洭之間母謂之媓，謂婦妣曰母姼，稱婦考曰父姼。 |
| 《世說新語·政事》: | 許柳兒思妣者至佳，諸公欲全之。 |
| 《顏氏家訓·風操》: | 晉代有許思妣、孟少孤：如此名字，幸當避之。 |
| 《金樓子·立言上》: | 遂畫先君先妣之像，傅咸集畫贊曰，敬圖先君先妣之容像，畫之丹青。 |
| 《水經注·濟水》: | 沛公起兵野戰，喪皇妣于黃鄉。 |
| 《三國志·文帝紀》: | 于時天震地駭，崩山隕霜，陽精薄景，五緯錯行，百姓呼嗟，萬國悲悼，若喪考妣，恩過墓唐，擗踊郊野，仰想穹蒼，僉曰何辜，早世殞喪，嗚呼哀哉！ |
| 《群書治要·尚書》: | 二十有八載，放勛乃徂落，百姓如喪考妣，三載，四海遏密八音，遏，絕也。 |
| 《藝文類聚》: | 凡堯即位九十八年，年百一十八歲乃殂，百姓如喪考妣，三載，四海遏密八音，葬于濟陰之成陽西北，是為穀林，堯取富宜氏女，曰女皇，生丹朱，又有庶子九人，皆不肖，故以天下命舜。 |
| 《通典·祔祭》: | 若祔曾祖妣，則不告祖。 |
| 《四書章句集注》: | 哀，則如喪考妣。 |
| 《金瓶梅》: | 附薦西門氏門中三代宗親等魂：祖西門京良，祖妣李氏。 |
| 《廣韻·是》: | 姼：方言云南楚人謂婦妣曰母姼也。 |
| 《太平御覽·豐稔》: | 為酒為醴，烝畀祖妣。 |
| 《太平廣記》: | 沛公起兵野戰，喪皇妣于黃鄉。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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