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Scope: 皇朝經世文編
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卷九十二刑政三律例下

44
說者特謂官司捕人。何反不如事主捕賊。不知官司捕人。責在拘縛。不拒捕。即非不服拘。故治擅毆之罪。事主搏賊。勢在自救。未嘗責以拘縛也。且事主得毆賊。而官役不得毆罪人。雖凶至盜賊。必驗無拷打傷痕。有則先治捕人之罪。是官司原不得比事主。非輕官司而嚴捕役也。或者又謂人命至重。恐開擅殺之端。不知竊盜固命。良民亦命也。與其惜竊盜已死之命。何如惜良民未死之命。且惡其擅殺者。謂其不告官司耳。告諸官司。而僕僕訟庭。吏役需費。所失有過於竊者。城市且然。何論村野。即無之。而廢其農時。荒其執業。民且不堪。又事起倥。計不旋踵乎。或者又謂事多在黑夜。易起詐。不知案疑則治案。不宜移律以就疑。果情涉游移。即當窮究根源。分別謀故毆。又不得僅以罪人不拒捕。頇了事也。或者又謂盜固無論。竊賊不至擅而輕殺之。彼特逼於貧耳。夫不能使民各安其生。不得已而為盜賊。此固在上者之責。不特竊賊可憫。盜亦可憫。而不可以此責之民。且牧民者。既已不能使民無盜賊矣。又以盜賊之故而殺民。是益之責也。夫奸所獲奸殺之有勿論者矣。奸亦不至擅也。律有得捕奸之人。無不得捕賊之人。捕賊固重於捕奸矣。昔孟子論井田曰。出入相友。守望相助。古人懼事主之力或不足以治賊。而責之於鄰里。若並事主而禁之。毋乃長盜賊之勢而奪民救乎。考之於古。稽之當今之律。殺賊擬抵。實無其文。特以幕客無學。支離牽合。遂致數年之間。習熟間見。以為當然。一二心知其謬者。亦且強為之辭。可慨也夫。

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