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《卷二》
47  | 爾雅釋丘曰丘一成為敦丘郭璞注曰成猶重也音義曰敦都昆反觀國案前漢地理志東都有頓丘縣顔師古注曰丘一成為頓丘以此知爾雅云丘一成為敦丘者敦當讀作頓若爾雅釋天曰太嵗在子曰困敦音義曰敦音頓此類是也而爾雅音義乃音敦丘為都昆反誤矣爾雅釋丘又曰如覆敦者敦丘郭璞注曰敦盂也音義曰敦音堆觀國案字書去聲敦字都內切珠盤玉敦也然則爾雅云如覆敦者是若覆盂狀玉敦之形亦如盂貯挿血之酒於玉敦當讀覆敦之敦為都內切若周禮戎右曰盟則以玉敦辟盟明堂位曰有虞氏之兩敦音義皆音敦作對此類是也而爾雅音義乃音覆敦為堆誤矣爾雅釋丘凡有兩敦丘而音義皆誤訓之蓋敦字旁音冣多故易於疑亂如東山詩曰敦彼獨宿箋曰敦敦然獨宿於車下讀敦作都回反又曰有敦𤓰苦訓曰敦專專也讀敦作徒端反行葦詩曰敦彼行葦訓曰敦聚也讀敦作徒端反又曰敦弓既堅訓曰敦弓畫弓也音敦作雕觀國案許慎說文曰弴音雕畫弓也然則本用弴弓詩人假借用字為敦弓讀音雕是也常武詩曰鋪敦淮濆仍執醜虜箋曰敦當作屯陳屯其兵於淮水大防之上也觀國案敦字徒端切者其義則聚也陳聚其兵於淮上當讀鋪敦之敦為徒端切而鄭氏箋乃欲改敦為屯其取訓逺矣有客詩曰有萋有且敦琢其旅閟宫詩曰敦商之旅克咸厥功二詩音義皆音敦為都回反此二詩言敦皆敦治之義讀音都回反是也周禮司几筵曰凡䘮事設葦席右素几其柏席用萑黼純諸侯則紛純每敦一几鄭氏注曰敦讀曰燾燾覆也棺在殯則椁燾觀國案檀弓曰天子龍輴而椁幬諸侯輴而設幬鄭氏注曰幬覆也鄭氏注司几筵每敦一几讀敦作燾蓋用檀弓之文以訓之耳然讀敦為燾於音訓不相附近而取義迂逺今案司凡筵之文乃喪事設席設几者也敦當讀音徒端切其義則聚也每席聚處設一几則文與義通矣若夫數數變易字形而為之音訓不唯取義太逺而導多疑於後學是誰之過與春秋經字數 |
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