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Chinese Text Project

U+725B

Seal script

Jinwen

Jiaguwen

Jianbo

Semantic variant

Radical:+ 0 strokes = 4 strokes total.
References:Guangyun: p.205#21 Kangxi: p.697#01 Cihai: p.867r1c02 GSR: 998.a Hanyu: v3,p1800#01
Composition:Component of: 𭷓 𤘔 𭷔 𨸡 𡕘 𡵜 𢓐 𢪧 𨑴 𫰔 [More]
Mandarin:niú ㄋㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese:ngau4
Tang reconstruction:*ngiou
Shuowen:牛部》牛:大牲也。牛,件也;件,事理也。象角頭三、封㞑之形。凡牛之屬皆从牛。
Guangyun:廣韻·下平聲··》牛:大牲也,丗本曰黃帝臣胲作服牛史記曰紂倒曳九牛又姓出隴西本自殷周封微子於宋其裔司㓂牛父帥師敗狄長丘死之子孫以王父字爲氏風俗通云漢有牛崇爲隴西主簿馬文淵爲太守羊喜爲功曹涼部云三牲備具。語求切,一。
Kangxi:康熙字典·牛部·牛部》牛:《唐韻》語求切《集韻》魚尤切《韻會》疑尤切,𠀤𪙊平聲。《說文》大牲也。牛,件也。件,事理也。象角頭三封尾之形。《註》徐鍇曰:件,若言物一件二件也。封,高起也。《玉篇》黃帝服牛乗馬。《·无妄》或繫之牛。又《說卦》坤爲子母牛。《禮·曲禮》凡祭宗廟之禮,牛曰一元大武。又《月令》出土牛,以送寒氣。《疏》月建丑,土能克水,故作土牛,以畢送寒氣也。又樹化牛。《玄中記》千年樹精,化爲靑牛。始皇伐大樹,有靑牛躍出入水。又官名。《周禮·地官》牛人,掌養國之公牛,以待國之政令。又牽牛,宿名。《爾雅·釋天》星紀,斗牽牛也。《註》牽牛斗者,日月五星之所終始,故謂之星紀。又天牛,蟲名。一曰天水牛。《爾雅·釋蟲》蠰齧桑註似天牛。又紫金牛,藥名。見《本草綱目》。又姓。《廣韻》微子裔,司𡨥牛父,子孫以王父字爲氏。《風俗通》漢有牛崇。又人名。《史記·虞舜紀》瞽瞍父曰橋牛。又叶音疑。《·小雅》我任我輦,我車我牛。叶下哉。哉讀將黎反。
考證:〔天牛,蟲名。《爾雅·釋蟲壤齧桑註》似天牛。〕謹照原文壤改蠰。〔又叶音奚。《·小雅》我任我輦,我車我牛。叶下哉。哉讀將黎反。〕謹按牛與奚不同母,牛字不得叶音奚。謹照字母叶音奚改叶音疑。
Fanqie:語求 (《廣韻·下平聲··》)
Unihan definition:cow, ox, bull; KangXi radical93

Example usage

論語·雍也》:子謂仲弓曰:「犂之子騂且角,雖欲勿用,山川其舍諸?」
The Master, speaking of Zhong Gong, said, "If the calf of a brindled cow be red and horned, although men may not wish to use it, would the spirits of the mountains and rivers put it aside?"
孟子·告子上》:孟子曰:「山之木嘗美矣,以其郊於大國也,斧斤伐之,可以為美乎?」
Mencius said, 'The trees of the Niu mountain were once beautiful. Being situated, however, in the borders of a large State, they were hewn down with axes and bills - and could they retain their beauty?'
禮記·曲禮上》:國君下齊,式宗廟。
The ruler of a state should bend towards the cross-board when he meets a sacrificial victim, and dismount (in passing) the ancestral temple.
揚子法言》:曰:「明明在上,百官羊,亦山雌也。」
Yangzi said: When an enlightened ruler is at the top, government officials are treated to cattle and sheep, and so obtain their ambition, just like the mountain rooster.
莊子·逍遙遊》:今夫斄,其大若垂天之雲。
Again there is the Yak, so large that it is like a cloud hanging in the sky.
商君書·墾令》:輿重設,必當名。
And if measures are taken to ensure the registration of carts, oxen, carriages and baggage waggons.
孫子兵法·作戰》:國之貧于師者遠輸,遠輸則百姓貧,近于師者貴賣,貴賣則百姓財竭,財竭則急于丘役,力屈財殫,中原內虛于家,百姓之費,十去其七,公家之費,破車罷馬,甲冑矢弩,戟楯蔽櫓,丘大車,十去其六。
Poverty of the State exchequer causes an army to be maintained by contributions from a distance. Contributing to maintain an army at a distance causes the people to be impoverished. On the other hand, the proximity of an army causes prices to go up; and high prices cause the people's substance to be drained away. When their substance is drained away, the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions. With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and three-tenths of their income will be dissipated; while government expenses for broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will amount to four-tenths of its total revenue.
史記·五帝本紀》:歸,至于祖禰廟,用特禮。
And on his return he went to the temple of the ancestral tablets, and offered up a single ox.
荀子·大略》:有國之君不息羊,錯質之臣不息雞豚,冢卿不脩幣,大夫不為場園,從士以上皆羞利而不與民爭業,樂分施而恥積藏。
說苑·脩文》:故曰,文質脩者謂之君子,有質而無文謂之易野,子桑伯子易野,欲同人道於馬,故仲弓曰太簡
春秋繁露》:曰:正赤統者,歷正日月朔於牽,斗建子。
韓詩外傳·卷一》:馬鳴而馬應之,鳴而應之,非知也,其勢然也。
大戴禮記》:諸侯之祭,牲,曰太牢。
白虎通德論·五祀》:祭五祀,天子、諸侯以,卿、大夫以羊,因四時祭牲也。
新書·春秋》:夫百姓煦而耕,曝背而耘,苦勤而不敢惰者,豈為鳥獸也哉?
新序·善謀下》:於桃林之陰,以示不復輸糧。
中論·審大臣》:昔齊桓公夙出,甯戚方為旅人,宿乎大車之下,擊角而歌,歌聲悲激,其辭有疾於世,桓公知其非常人也,召而與之言,乃立功之士也。
孔子家語·相魯》:三月,則鬻馬者不儲價。
潛夫論·浮侈》:今舉世舍農桑,趨商賈,馬車輿,填塞道路,游手為功,充盈都邑,治本者少,浮食者眾。
論衡·命義》:若顏淵、伯之徒,如何遭凶?
太玄經·》:次七,出險登丘,或牽之
風俗通義》:江、淮間一茅三脊為神藉,五色土益雜封,縱遠方奇獸飛禽及白雉,加祠,兕犀象之屬。
孔叢子·公孫龍》:玄武、此類甚眾。
申鑒·時事》:曰:「事勢有不得,官之所急者穀也,馬之禁,不得出百里之外,若其他物,彼以其錢,取之於左,用之於右,貿遷有無,周而通之,海內一家,何患焉?」
新語·道基》:於是奚仲乃橈曲為輪,因直為轅,駕馬服,浮舟杖楫,以代人力。
獨斷·卷上》:牲號、曰一元大武,羊曰柔毛之屬也。
蔡中郎集·獨斷》:左纛者,以氂尾為之,大如斗。
墨子·經說下》:異則或謂之或謂之馬也。
列子·黃帝》:庖犧氏、女媧氏、神農氏、夏后氏,蛇身人面,首虎鼻。
鶡冠子·世兵》:君子不惰,真人不怠,無見久貧賤,則據簡之,伊尹酒保,太公屠,管子作革,百里奚官奴。
文子·微明》:上五有神人、真人、道人、至人、聖人,次五有德人、賢人、智人、善人、辯人,中五有公人、忠人、信人、義人、禮人,次五有士人、工人、虞人、農人、商人,下五有眾人、奴人、愚人、肉人、小人,上五之與下五,猶人之與馬也。
文始真經·四符》:殊不知我之生死,如馬之手,如之翼,本無有,復無無。
列仙傳·老子》:後周德衰,乃乘青車去,入大秦。
韓非子·十過》:見其女樂而說之,設酒張飲,日以聽樂,終歲不遷,馬半死。
管子·輕重己》:犧牲以彘,發號出令曰:「罰而勿賞,奪而勿予,罪獄誅而勿生,終歲之罪,毋有所赦,作衍馬之實在野者王」,天子之秋計也。
公孫龍子·通變論》:羊合非馬,合羊非雞。
吳子·應變》:武侯問曰:「暴寇卒來,掠吾田野,取吾羊,則如之何?」
六韜·三疑》:民如馬,數餧食之,從而愛之。
司馬法·天子之義》:上使民不得其義,百姓不得其敘,技用不得其利,馬不得其任,有司陵之,此謂多威。
尉繚子·武議》:賞及童馬圉者,是賞下流也。
九章算術·盈不足》:答曰:一百二十六家,價三千七百五十。

You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.


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