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Chinese Text Project
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Scope: Request type: Paragraph
Condition 1: References "故堅強者死之徒" Matched:6.
Total 6 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1.

先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han

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道家 - Daoism

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道德經 - Dao De Jing

[Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] English translation: James Legge [?]
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[Also known as: 《老子》, "Tao Te Ching", "Laozi"]

76 道德經:
人之生也柔弱,其死也堅強。萬物草木之生也柔脆,其死也枯槁。故堅強者死之徒,柔弱者生之徒。是以兵強則不勝,木強則共。強大處下,柔弱處上。
Dao De Jing:
(A warning against (trusting in) strength)
Man at his birth is supple and weak; at his death, firm and strong. (So it is with) all things. Trees and plants, in their early growth, are soft and brittle; at their death, dry and withered.
Thus it is that firmness and strength are the concomitants of death; softness and weakness, the concomitants of life.
Hence he who (relies on) the strength of his forces does not conquer; and a tree which is strong will fill the out-stretched arms, (and thereby invites the feller.)
Therefore the place of what is firm and strong is below, and that of what is soft and weak is above.

文子 - Wenzi

[Eastern Han - Jin] 212-231
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[Also known as: 《通玄真經》]

道原

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8 道原:
老子曰:夫得道者,志弱而事強,心虛而應當。志弱者柔毳安靜,藏於不取,行於不能,澹然無為,動不失時,故「貴必以賤為本,高必以下為基。」託小以包大,在中以制外,行柔而剛,力無不勝敵無不陵,應化揆時,莫能害之。欲剛者必以柔守之,欲強者必以弱保之,積柔即剛,積弱即強,觀其所積,以知存亡。強勝不若己者,至於若己者而格,柔勝出於己者,其力不可量,故「兵強則滅,木強則折。」革強則裂,齒堅於舌而先斃,故「柔弱者生之幹也,堅強者死之徒。」先唱者窮之路,後動者達之原。夫執道以耦變,先亦制後,後亦制先,何即不失所以制人,人亦不能制也。所謂後者,調其數而合其時,時之變則,間不容息,先之則太過,後之則不及,日迴月周,時不與人遊,故聖人不貴尺之璧,而貴寸之陰,時難得而易失。故聖人隨時而舉事,因資而立功,守清道,拘雌節,因循而應變,常後而不先,柔弱以靜,安徐以定,大堅固不能與爭也。

老子河上公章句 - Heshanggong Laozi

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德經

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戒強

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1 戒強:
人之生也柔弱,人生含和氣,抱精神。故柔弱也。其死也堅強。人死和氣竭,精神亡,故堅強也。萬物草木之生也柔脆,和氣存也。其死也枯槁。和氣去也。故堅強者死之徒,柔弱者生之徒。以上二事觀之,知堅強者死,柔弱者生也。是以兵強則不勝,強大之兵輕戰樂殺,毒流怨結,眾弱為一強,故不勝。木強則共。本強大則枝葉共生其上。強大處下,柔弱處上。興物造功,大木處下,小物處上。天道抑強扶弱,自然之效。

雜家 - Miscellaneous Schools

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淮南子 - Huainanzi

[Western Han (206 BC - 9)]
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[Also known as: 《淮南》, 《鴻烈》]

原道訓

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12 原道訓:
萬物有所生,而獨知守其根;百事有所出,而獨知守其門。故窮無窮,極無極,照物而不眩,回應而不乏。此之謂天解。故得道者志弱而事強,心虛而應當。所謂志弱而事強者,柔毳安靜,藏於不敢,行於不能,恬然無慮,動不失時,與萬物回周旋轉,不為先唱,感而應之。是故貴者必以賤為號,而高者必以下為基。托小以包大,在中以制外,行柔而剛,用弱而強,轉化推移,得一之道,而以少正多。所謂其事強者,遭變應卒,排患扞難,力無不勝,敵無不淩,應化揆時,莫能害之。是故欲剛者,必以柔守之;欲強者,必以弱保之。積於柔則剛,積于弱則強;觀其所積,以知禍福之鄉。強勝不若己者,至於若己者而同;柔勝出於己者,其力不可量。故兵強則滅,木強則折,革固則裂,齒堅於舌而先之弊。是故柔弱者生之幹也;而堅強者死之徒也;先唱者,窮之路也;後動者,達之原也。

出土文獻 - Excavated texts

馬王堆 - Mawangdui

老子甲 - Laozi A

老子甲德經

40 老子甲德... :
人之生也柔弱,其死也恆仞賢強。萬物草木之生也柔脆,其死也桔槁。故曰:堅強者死之徒也,柔弱微細,生之徒也。兵強則不勝,木強則恆。強大居下,柔弱微細居上。

老子乙 - Laozi B

老子乙德經

41 老子乙德... :
人之生也柔弱,其死也恆信堅強。萬□□木之生也柔脆,其死也桔槁。故曰:堅強死之徒也,柔弱生之徒也。□以兵強則不朕,木強則兢。故強大居下,柔弱居上。

Total 6 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1.